Planets in Stellaris are crucial for the economy and require efficient utilization. They should be specialized for specific resources such as minerals, alloys, consumer goods, energy, and research. Guaranteed habitable worlds have biases for specific resources, and planetary modifiers and size can help decide the specialization of a planet for specific resources.
Pops or population are essential for filling jobs and are the most valuable resource in the game. Efficiently using pops is crucial for maximizing resources and stability. Optimizing which jobs get worked can lead to an overall increase in resources. Hydroponic bays are essential for early game food production, and holo theaters provide amenities and unity.
Stability, population, crime, housing, amenities, available jobs, and unemployment are key factors to consider on a planet. Designations and resource buffing buildings can be used to increase resource production on a planet. Orbital Rings are powerful and can be upgraded to tier 2 for additional resource production buildings.
Leaders, such as officers and scientists, can provide buffs to all resources on a planet, and commanders have limited use. Having a leader in your sector capital can propagate buffs down to other planets, making them more efficient. Leveling buffs can be combined with traits to create more efficient planets. Edict capacity subsidies can provide a boost in output for various resources with minimal upkeep.
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Use the system in place for any future planets found, and adjust planet designations based on resource needs. Creating templates for your population and customizing them based on your empire's goals can result in significant output.
There is a separate video focusing on machine empires for specific builds.